International Winds and Hadley Cells

1. Write down the main idea of the chapter "Climate" here. "Wind and water carry rainfall and the sun's warmth around the world to create different climates" which in my own words means wind and water carry earth's rainfall and the sun's warmth around the world to create different climates.

2. Reading Check Questions on 54- What is the difference between weather and climate? "Weather refers to the unpredictable changes in air that takes place over a short period of time while climate is the usual, predictable pattern of weather in an area over a long period of time" which in my own words means weather is the unpredictable changes in air or temperature that takes place over a short period of time while climate is a predictable pattern caused by the tilt of the earh and weather that takes places over a long period of time.

3. Applying Map Skills Question 1. In which general direction does the wind blow over North America? The wind generally blows northeast over North America and are called "Westerlies" because they blow from the west, to the northeast.

4. Applying Map Skills Question 2. What winds did European sailors use to get to South America and the islands north of it? European sailors used Northeasterly trade winds in order to get to South America. The Northeasterly trade winds pushed them from the northeast, southwest towards South America.

5. Answer the Reading Check Question on page 55- How does the tilt of the Earth affect climate? (This is a difficult, tricky, complicated question. You can NOT just copy the answer out of the textbook. Because the answer is NOT EXACTLY found in the textbook. You will have to figure it out, think about the notes we took and discussed, and ... re-read page 55 to answer this well.

The tilt of the earth affects climate drastically. Since the earth is on an axis and is spinning on a tilt, the sun's rays hit various places at different angles at different times of the year. Also, the earths tilt causes seasons and climates to vary which causes seasons to change. As a result, the areas near the equator, known as the tropics receive more direct sun rays which give them warmer climates compared to places outside the tropics where the sun is NEVER directly overhead. Furthermore, the mid latitudes extend from the tropics to about 60 degrees both north and south of the equator causing a cooler or colder climate. As you can see, the tilt of the earth affects earth's climate in different regions.

6. How does this relate to the Voyages of Columbus? Answer, and put in a link to YOUR Columbus Wind Project. This chapter relates to the Voyages of Columbus because they both involve wind. Columbus relied heavily on the winds above Europe an order to make it to "Asia" and he did it extremely strategically. Instead of fighting through the winds pushing Northeast, he went south along the shore of Africa and took the winds from there, west. Afterwards, on his return he went quite slow because of the northeasterly trade winds that helped him make it to South America yet he eventually made it back.